Underreamer.



No. 650,147. Patented May 22, I900. E. A. HARUISON.

UNDEBREAMER.

(Applica tion filed July 8, 1899.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No Model.)

. Motown-(4a.. wAsmNaTDN, u. c.

was STATES} PATENT OFFICE:

EDWIN A. HARDISON, OF SANTA PAULA, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO WALLACE L. I-IARDIS ON, OF SAME PLACE.

UNDERREAMER.

srncrrrcn'rxon forming part'of Letters Patent No. 650,147, dated May 22, 1900. Application filed July 8, 1899. Serial No. 723,232. (No modeli) To all whom itmcty concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN A. HARDIson, residing at Santa Paula, in the county of Ventura and State of California, have invented a new and useful Underreamer, of which the following is aspecification.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple and perfectly-operating underreamer for drilling wells by which the hole can be enlarged underneath the well-casing, so as to allow the casing to follow the tool.

It is necessary in an underreamer that the cutter should be held free from the casing while the tool is being lowered. By my invention all the requirements of an underreaming-tool are provided for by simple and efficient means.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the underreamer in position with the underreamingslip just passed below the casing, the humped spring being in contact with the casing to hold the tongue of the slip in engagement with the catch. I A further down ward movement of the reamer will release the humped spring and allow the slip to be drawn up against the shoulder, which forms a stop for the slip. Fig. 2 is a fragmental view showing the underreamer below the casing ready for work. Fig. 3 is a fragmental sectional detail with the slip held down by the bar caught by the catch. Dotted lines show the position of the parts when the slip is ready for cutting. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the tool with attachments in place to fit the tool for underreaming under a larger size casing. In this View the slip is shown thicker than in Fig. 1 and a stick is shown to temporarilyhold the slip down while being let down. A humped spring of a size to correspond to the thick underreaming-slip is shown ready for use in place of the stick; Fig. 5 is a crosssection on line 5 5, Fig. 4.. Fig. 6 is a'crosssection on line 6 6, Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a fragmental sectional detail showing the upper end of thebar which holds theslip in engagement with the catch on the stop therefor, a fragment ofthe humped spring being alsol'shown.

0t indicates a downward extension of the way, the overhanging ledges 1 1 of said way being omitted at the extension.

0 indicates a slip-stop fastened in the downward extension to stop the tongue to prevent the tongue from being withdrawn from the retaining-way.

D indicates a detachable spring to normally.

hold the slip against the shoulder. This spring is preferably a spiral spring and is mounted in a spring-chamber 4, provided in the stock therefor, and the spring is provided at its ends with means for attaching to the slip and to the stock, respectively. (1 indicates an eye at the upper end of the spring to catch over the hook 5, fastened to the stock for this purpose,and d indicates a hook at the lower end of the spring to hook into the link 6, fastened to the slip. The spring D normally holdsthe slip against the shoulder a", and the cutting edge of the underreaming-slip is dressed to a proper radius to cut the size hole required when the slip is thus held in position against the shoulder. The shoulder forms a perfect stop to hold the slip so as, to produce the out.

To let the tool down through the casing, it is necessary that the slip should be held in its position at the lower end of the oblique face, and means are therefore provided for temporarily holding the slip insuch position. This means may consist of a stick E, as indicated in Fig. 4, or may consist of any other suitable device. In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 such means are further illustrated, and I shall now describe the same. i

F indicates a spring fastened abovethe shoulder.

to the stock 7 indicates'a stop at the top of the recess practical operation in order to letthe tool of the shoulder, just above the main face of;

the stop-shoulder a.' v

f indicates a loop at the inner side of the lower end of the spring F to play below the stop7. wrnww G. indicates a bat-hinged tov the slip and. extending upward through thelqop f'tofslid'ef beneath the spring F when the spring is in its released or outer position. The spring E, is provided with a bow f, which is of such size that when it is pressed in by the casing while; the tool is be n tdo n ,w l llnl tlie qp... into line with the stop 7 so that wheir t'he slip is pulled down against the pressurefofthe spring D to the lower part of the oblique. face at the upper end of thebar willbe held to engage thestop'Z, thereby, preventing the spring D from drawing the sliplupeagainst the shoulder. While the parts arelheldin. this position by the casing holding thebowed spring the tool can be lowered through the casing. As soon as the bowed spring haspass'ed below the casing it will lift the end, of the. bar away from the stop, and the spring D will then draw the underreaming-slip up on the oblique face and into position againstthe shoulder, thus throwing the cutting'edge I) out to underreamthe hole below the casing. The slip-stop Omay or may not be-provided with upward extensions 0 c to form continuations of the overhanging ledges llf of the e a ning way. g U

8 indicates a bolt to hold thestQpC inthe downward extension of the retaining-way. When it is desired to remove the underreaming-slip3the'stopl G. is removed from below.

the way,thusia l1owing the T -shaped tongue. 1). to be brought into the extension of the wayand then removed from thestock. m

The springD will beunhookedfrom the lioek etoirelease the tension of the spring before the slipis sliddown todetach it. Then the spring will be unhooked from. theslip to allow it to be withdrawn from, the way.

ln Fig. 3 I have shown extension attach Inent s f or enlarging the tool so that with the same stock and twodifferent-sized u'nderreamingslips twosizes of holes may be reamed. It isgto be understood that by providing 1.1: derreaming-slips of greater or lessthickness a; greater range of work can be provided for with the same stock. In Fig. 4, I. indicates the back-enlargement attachment fastened to the stock bybolts 1;, and'lindicates the front-- enlargement attachment provided with a slot jteallowthe humped spring F to play out and into en gage the larger-size casing and operate thebar G. The humped spring F is providedwithalarger bow f than'shown in Figs. 1 and 2. 'Itis to be understoodthat, if desired, the

thicker slip maybe used without theextentions, and in such case where the bowed spring. is usedit is to be understoodthat the bowof down through the cas ng the workman will first pull down the underreaming-slip to its lowest position and will either catch the same in placeby means of a stick, as at E, set be w e the. iimp e..st9n-t t. 9 r or h lwill press down the hnmped spring tobring the .ef dibf the bar 'Gjtoejng'age the catch. Then the tool will be inserted into the casing and in, case the stick has been used will be lowered to the bottom of the well and there .pnt into operation, so that the jarring of the tool will throw the stick out andallow the "spiral spring D ted-raw the slip up against theshonlder=stop. "Then the tool will be operrated-until it is ready to be withdrawn. In 20386 the bowed spring isused thercasingwill hold such spring'in.itsinpressedposition.l n- ;til the springli's below thecasing, whenihe ispringj will withdraw the-bar from thestop @and willallow the slip. to-be drawn-upn, When it is desired to withdraw the tool fromthe well, this will be. done, in lthekordinary Emanner. The. upper end of. the. sli-pprojects outward beyond the shoulder a,-,.a's;ind-icated j at b", and the casing engages this shoulder, thus th rowing. the, slipdown into -its-re'tractied position,vso that theslip. can .berdrawn through the casing. I E m .Now, havingdescribed-my invention, what {I claimas new, and desire toIsecure by Letters. Patent, is.. 7 a l L 1. The underreamer substantiallysehforth icomprising a recessed stock provideda't-the back of the recess with an oblique faeerand also provided with a-perforated shoulder at theupper endof. therecess an 'underream-, ing-slip mounted to slideon theobliquefaee and to stop. against the shoulder; a-- spring jmounted in. the stockabove. said shoulder and. connections being provided. extending through the perforation of saidshoulderand connected with thesli p to hold the sliplagainst, the shoulder; and means for temporarily j holding the. slip away from the shoulder..

2. The combination of arecessedstockhavingan oblique face and a shoulder attheupper end of the recess and a spring chamber extending upward'from the recess; "an underand to stop againstthe shoulder; a spring in the chamber attached tothe slip to..ho1d..the gslipagainst, the shoulder; a springfastened jtotheistock and provided at its lower free iendwith a loop .to play below the shoulder, fand, intermediate-its ends, with a casing-en: gaging bow; and a bar hinged totheslipeand extending into the loop to rest beneath the :catch when the spring is pressed in bythe casing. l g An underreamer, comprising arecessed fStOCk provided with an oblique-face an'da. lshoulder at the upper end of the stock and a fretaining way along'the. oblique face ,provid the spring will be extended to correspondwith the increased thickness of the slip.

fed'withoverhanging edges, anda stop-receive ing extension extending below such way; a

reaming-slip mounted to slide on the face:

reg

Iio

slide with av retaining-tongue to fit in'the I and adetachable front enlargement substan- Way beneath the overhanging edges; and a tially as set forth.

s32? 1n the extenslon to hold tne tongue 1n the EDWIN HARDISON 5 4. The combination with the recessed stock Witnesses:

provided with the spring-carried nnderream- JAMES R. TOWNSEND,

ing-slip; of a detachable back enlargement F. M. TOWNSEND. 

